This chemical is a halogenated aliphatic compound, mainly created as a by-product in the manufacture of chlorinated aliphatic compounds. Countries that ratify the Stockholm Convention agree to take measures to eliminate or reduce environmental releases of these POPs. 4151-50-2) as an active ingredient for control of leaf-cutting ants from Atta spp. It was also used an acaricide for cotton, citrus and apple crops. The lethal effects of chlordane on fish and birds vary according to the species, but tests have shown that it can kill mallard ducks, bobwhite quail, and pink shrimp. It is concluded that SCCPs are likely, as a result of their long range environmental transport, to lead to significant adverse environmental and human health effects. Elemental bromine is added to cyclododecatriene at 20 to 70°C in the presence of a solvent in a closed system. The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants has unanimously voted to add perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to the list of substances to be eliminated under the 2004 agreement dedicated to reducing POPs.. Limited monitoring evidence of dicofol in environmental media from remote sources is available. For more information, please refer to the alternatives to chlordecone page. The production of SCCPs has decreased globally as jurisdictions have established control measures. Although residues in domestic animals have declined steadily over the last two decades, food-borne DDT remains the greatest source of exposure for the general population. The convention became international law in May 2004. For more information, please refer to the alternatives to SCCPs page. A number of non-POP chemical alternatives are already on the market for the substitution of c-decaBDE in plastics and textiles. There is evidence for long-range transport and toxic effects (immunotoxic, reproductive and developmental effects) in laboratory animals and aquatic organisms. The decaBDE is highly persistent, has a high potential for bioaccumulation and food-web biomagnification, as well as for long-range transport. For more information, please refer to the alternatives to PeCB page. According to available information, hexabromobiphenyl is no longer produced or used in most countries. Short-term exposure to large amounts of PCP can cause harmful effects on the liver, kidneys, blood, lungs, nervous system, immune system, and gastrointestinal tract. Finally exposure to PCP is also associated with carcinogenic, renal, and neurological effects. For more information, please refer to the PFOA page. Consumption of PCB-contaminated rice oil in Japan in 1968 and in Taiwan in 1979 caused pigmentation of nails and mucous membranes and swelling of the eyelids, along with fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. It also present as impurities in products such as solvents or pesticides. : +41 (0)22 917 8271 - Fax: +41 (0)22 917 8098 PCNs make effective insulating coatings for electrical wires. It is considered to be one of the most stable and persistent pesticides, with a half life of up to 10 years. Systemic toxicity following exposure via oral, inhalation, and dermal routes. Risk management evaluation Ar, Ch, En, Fr, Ru, Sp (PDF). Furans persist in the environment for long periods, and are classified as possible human carcinogens. HBCD has a strong potential to bioaccumulate and biomagnify . PFOS is a fully fluorinated anion, which is commonly used as a salt or incorporated into larger polymers. After about twenty years of commercial production, health hazards began to be reported in workers exposed to PCNs: severe skin rashes and liver disease that led to deaths of workers. CAS No: 207122-16-5. This chemical is already subject to several national and international regulations, restricting its use and production. Heptachlor is classified as a possible human carcinogen. Large stockpiles of alpha- and beta-HCH are therefore present in the environment. Fluorine-free foams are comparable to fluorine-based AFFFs and fire-fighting foams with PFOA in their performance and in meeting relevant certifications for almost all uses. for agricultural use only. The amendment was communicated by the depositary to all Parties on 27 October 2011. No: 131-52-2 (sodium pentachlorophenate) SCCPs are sufficiently persistent in air for long range transport to occur and appear to be hydrolytically stable. Date enacted: 2001-05-22. According to the risk profile on endosulfan, adopted by the POPRC, endosulfan is persistent in the atmosphere, sediments and water. First introduced in 1945 to treat seeds, HCB kills fungi that affect food crops. Secretariat of the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions Office address: 11-13, Chemin des Anémones - 1219 Châtelaine, Switzerland Postal address: Avenue de la Paix 8-14, 1211 Genève 10, Switzerland Tel. Hexabromocyclododecane in Annex A with specific exemptions (decision. For more information, please refer to the alternatives to HCBD page. A list of upcoming Worldwide Conventions from the biggest convention database as found on FanCons.com. Within the UNECE region, the information on substitution and alternatives is extremely limited, as PCN are not in use anymore. Furthermore, non-chemical alternatives and technical solutions such as non-flammable materials and physical barriers, respectively, are also available. PFOA-related compounds, including side-chain fluorinated polymers, are used as surfactants and surface treatment agents in textiles, paper and paints, firefighting foams. Unintentional formation of PFOA is created from inadequate incineration of fluoropolymers from municipal solid waste incineration with inappropriate incineration or open burning facilities at moderate temperatures. It is persistent in the environment, and has a potential for long-range environmental transport. Dieldrin residues have been found in air, water, soil, fish, birds, and mammals, including humans. Effects may include fatty liver degeneration, epithelial necrotizing nephritis, central nervous system depression and cyanosis. New Zealand ratified the convention in September 2004. For more information, please refer to the alternatives to Hexabromobiphenyl page. Today, alpha-HCH is only produced unintentionally during the production of lindane. This Regulation entered into force on 20 May 2004 and is directly applicable in all EU Member States. Up to 50% of a toxaphene release can persist in the soil for up to 12 years. Dioxins have been associated with a number of adverse effects in humans, including immune and enzyme disorders and chloracne, and they are classified as possible human carcinogens. PCP can be found in two forms: PCP itself or as the sodium salt of PCP, which dissolves easily in water. Specific exemptions for use or production are listed in the Annex and apply only to Parties that register for them. 4 New Chemicals Listed under the Stockholm and Rotterdam Conventions. This insecticide is used on cotton, cereal grains, fruits, nuts, and vegetables. For each ton of lindane produced, around 6-10 tons of the other isomers including alpha- and beta-HCH are created. The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants 2001 is a international agreement by the nations of the world to address the global chemical pollution. This chemical is subject to long-range transport, is classified as potentially carcinogenic to humans and adversely affects wildlife and human health in contaminated regions. HBCD is used a flame retardant additive, providing fire protection during the service life of vehicles, buildings or articles, as well as protection while stored. These compounds are produced unintentionally from many of the same processes that produce dioxins, and also during the production of PCBs. Risk profile Ar, Ch, En, Fr, Ru, Sp (PDF) Animals can metabolize endrin, so it does not accumulate in their fatty tissue to the extent that structurally similar chemicals do. Chlordecone is highly persistent in the environment, has a high potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification and based on physico-chemical properties and modelling data, chlordecone can be transported for long distances. Its impact on bird populations led to bans in many countries during the 1970s. To date, intentional production of PCN is assumed to have ended. Risk management evaluation Ar, Ch, En, Fr, Ru, Sp (PDF). Lindane is the common name for the gamma isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). In studies mirex proved toxic to several plant species and to fish and crustaceans. The Stockholm Convention is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This chemical is subject to long-range transport, is classified as potentially carcinogenic to humans and adversely affects wildlife and human health in contaminated regions.